History of the World, Part VI
A Place to Lay Your Head
Wednesday, July 21, 2004
by Mark Goldhaber, staff writer
Last time, we discussed the public works projects at the Walt Disney
World site, which were overseen by General Joe Potter. All private works
project—the hotels and theme parks—were overseen by Admiral
Joe Fowler, the man who oversaw construction of Disneyland a decade and
a half earlier.
Phase One of the Walt Disney World project was to consist of the Magic
Kingdom theme park, five resort hotels, an entrance complex, golf courses,
and daytime resort activities. The five hotels in the original plan were
to be:
- The Tempo Bay Resort, which eventually became the Contemporary Resort
- Polynesian Village Resort
- Asian Resort
- Venetian Resort
- Persian Resort
By the time that the Tenth Preliminary Master Plot Plan was committed
to paper, the latter three hotels had been relegated to “future development”
(and later dropped entirely).
The Tokulau longhouse building at the Polynesian Resort, one of the original
hotels that made it to fruition at the Walt Disney World resort. MousePlanet
file photo by Brian Bennett.
The hotels that never were
So whatever happened to the three hotels that disappeared from the plan?
Where were they supposed to be? Would they have caused anything else to
change? What would they have looked like?
The Venetian Resort was planned for the patch of land between the Transportation
and Ticket Center (TTC) and the water bridge between Bay Lake and the
lagoon. The Persian Resort was planned for a plot of land on the shores
of Bay Lake adjacent to the Magic Kingdom, between the lake and the approximately
current location of Mickey's Toontown Fair.
The Asian Resort was slated for the square plot of landfill built out
into the Seven Seas Lagoon where the Grand Floridian Resort & Spa now
stands. The legacy of the Asian Resort persisted in the name of the road
past the Polynesian to the future site of the hotel - Asian Way - until
the Grand Floridian was built on that land and the road's name changed
to Floridian Way.
The hotels would have all been located on the monorail loop. However,
aside from the five hotels on the resort line making the local loop take
much longer, the location of the Persian Resort would have changed the
route of the monorail. Most of the monorail route would have been similar
to its current route, with the Venetian requiring a stop between the Contemporary
and the TTC, while the Asian would have had a stop at approximately the
same location as the Grand Floridian's current station.
The big change would have come from the Persian Resort. Instead of the
line curving from the Contemporary to the station located at the front
of the Magic Kingdom, it would have continued north to the Persian Resort,
then curved around (joining with the roundhouse spur) and proceeding through
the park to a station in Tomorrowland. Following that stop, the monorail
would continue to a stop in front of the Magic Kingdom, and then on to
the Asian.
After the resorts were pushed to a later phase, when the monorail route
was already in place and Tomorrowland designed without a station or footers
for a monorail beam, the intended route was changed and the Persian would
be on a separate monorail line that would just go back and forth between
the resort and the station at the main entrance.
As far as their appearance, there are very few sketches floating out
there. The great Widen Your World site has a full page about the Asian
Resort (link).
Brian Martsolf's Walt Disney World in Postcards site has images of all
three proposed resort designs, as well as a map indicating their locations
(link).
The original hotels
The Contemporary and Polynesian Village Resorts would be built using
modular construction, a new technique championed by U.S. Steel. The framework
of the hotels would be built on-site, but the hotel rooms would be built,
fitted out and furnished at a plant three miles away. This would speed
construction by allowing the two tasks to proceed simultaneously.
The Contemporary Resort as it appears today. MousePlanet file photo by
Sue Holland.
The original plan was to have the approximately 1,000 rooms of the Contemporary
and the approximately 500 rooms at the Polynesian capable of being upgraded
by swapping in upgraded modules for old ones.
The installation went well, with the nine-ton rooms being built and outfitted
with wall coverings, carpeting, mirrors, lighting fixtures, built-in furniture
and bathrooms at a rate of about a dozen or so per day, then trucked over
to the hotel sites and lifted into place by a crane, sliding in like a
set of dresser drawers. However, the plans for swapping rooms in and out
were later discarded, as nobody had foreseen that the settling of the
ground and, indeed, the buildings themselves, would make it quite impossible
for the rooms to ever slide out again.
U.S. Steel had leased the land under the hotels and would own the hotels
themselves, while Disney would operate them. Roy O. Disney, who was now
overseeing the whole project following his brother Walt's death, informed
Donn Tatum (then president and vice chairman of the board of Walt Disney
Productions) and Mike Bagnall (from the company treasurer's office, later
Chief Financial Officer) that he wanted to buy out U.S. Steel. Tatum,
who had conducted the earlier negotiation with U.S. Steel, was not happy
about going back to the bargaining table.
Dick Nunis, who was heading up the operational aspect of the park, complained
to Roy that the money would be better spent on more capacity for the park.
Roy responded, “I'm doing you a favor. We're not going to be very
good partners with them.” And so Disney gained control of their hotels,
much in a similar fashion to the way that they bought out the leassees
at Disneyland over a decade earlier.
A new line of business
So now Disney was getting into the hotel business. (The Disneyland Hotel
was actually owned and operated by the Wrather Corporation until Disney
bought it in 1987.) Some Disney staffers would actually get an introduction
to the art of facilities management at Celebrity Sports Center, a family
recreation center in Denver co-owned by Walt Disney, Art Linkletter, and
several other celebrities. But while the managers learned how to run a
facility, they knew nothing about hotel management.
Luckily, Dick Milano, at that time the manager of the University of Disneyland,
had a degree from a hotel management school. Along with Disneyland U.
founder Van Arsdale France, a training programs was created that focused
on Disney principles, mixed with ideas from the most progressive and successful
hoteliers.
In order to “rehearse” running a hotel, arrangements were made
to lease the Hilton Inn South for the Disney trainees to operate, and
which would host many Disney staff members and executives traveling to
the project site from California. As the Contemporary Resort was nearing
completion, Disney hotel staff took over, and several staffers moved into
the as-yet-no-air-conditioning rooms.
Luxury hotels were not the only lodgings to open back in the beginning.
From the start, Walt's plans had included a campground. The Fort Wilderness
Campground also debuted in 1971, providing accommodations for Disney fans
that preferred to sleep under the stars.
But lodgings alone would not bring guests to Walt Disney World.
Coming up next
Next time, we'll start looking at the construction of the Magic Kingdom
theme park and the various modes of transportation in and around the park
and resort.
Thoughts, questions, or comments? Contact Mark here.
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History of the World, Part I
– The history of Walt Disney World starts with the completion
of Disneyland.
History of the World, Part II –
Disney selects a site.
History of the World, Part III –
Walt's plans for the Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow.
History of the World, Part IV –
Reaction to Walt Disney's death.
History of the World, Part V –
The engineering problems of working in a swamp.
History of the World, Part VI –
The original plans for five hotels.
History of the World, Part VII –
Construction begins for the Magic Kingdom.
Foglesong, Richard E. Married to the Mouse: Walt Disney
World and Orlando. Yale University Press, 2003 (buy).
France, Van Arsdale, Window on Main Street: 35 Years of
Creating Happiness at Disneyland Park. Stabur Press, 1991 (buy).
Green, Howard E. and Amy Boothe, Remembering Walt: Favorite
Memories of Walt Disney. Hyperion Press, 1999 (buy).
Greene, Katherine and Richard, Inside the Dream: The Personal
Story of Walt Disney. Hyperion Press, 2001 (buy).
Greene, Katherine and Richard, The Man Behind the Magic:
The Story of Walt Disney. Viking Press, 1991. Out of print (buy
Viking Children's Book 1998 edition).
Kurtti, Jeff, Since the World Began: Walt Disney World The
First 25 Years. Disney Editions, 1996. Out of print (buy).
The Quotable Walt Disney. Disney Editions, 2001 (buy).
Thomas, Bob, Building a Company: Roy O. Disney and the Creation
of the Disney Empire. Disney Editions, 1999 (buy).
Thomas, Bob, Walt Disney: An American Original. Disney
Editions, 1994 (buy).
The definitive biography of Walt, as far as I'm concerned. – Mark
Mark is a veteran of many trips to Walt Disney World starting in 1972, with a few Disneyland trips also under his belt. He is also a Disney stockholder and a Disney Vacation Club member who collects Disney sericels, books, clothing, and just about any other thing with The Mouse on it that he can lay his hands on. Between visiting WDW, planning trips for himself and others, fantasizing about trips to WDW, and reading everything he can about Walt Disney and his legacy, there's not much time left for anything other than family time, but he's perfectly happy with that. Mark is a computer geek working for the State of New York. He lives in the suburbs outside Albany, New York, with his wife and son. Click here to contact Mark. 
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